![]() TREATMENT Treatment for light colored lesions may be limited to covering them with occlusive make-up. HISTOPATHOLOGY Both the salmon patch and port wine stains, encompassed by the term nevus flammeus, are characterized histologically by ectatic vessels of variable caliber within the dermis.ĭIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS The differential diagnosis includes capillary hemangioma, lymphangioma, Nevus of Ota, nevoid telangiectasia syndrome, and eruptive spider nevi. Cases of acquired nevus flammeus have been described following trauma. In the presence of Sturge-Weber syndrome associated ocular manifestations include diffuse choroidal hemangioma, ipsilateral glaucoma, and serous retinal detachment. Pyogenic granuloma may arise within a nevus flammeus without any predisposing factors, as can rare cases of basal cell carcinoma. In older adults nevus flammeus can undergo cavernous changes making them elevated and rather prominent. Unlike other congenital eyelid vascular lesions it does not undergo spontaneous regression. On the face it is usually unilateral and in the distribution of one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. A lighter-colored pink variant has been called nevus roseus and may be a distinct entity.ĬLINICAL PRESENTATION Nevus flammeus presents as a flat purple or deep red vascular lesion that can vary from only a few millimeters in size to those covering vary large areas. It can be isolated and unilateral, or associated with ocular and leptomeningeal vascular hamartomas as in the Sturge-Weber syndrome. ![]() A more striking form of congenital nevus flammeus is asymmetric and persists throughout life. It can be seen commonly at birth as a discrete median and symmetrical vascular lesion that disappears within the first year of life. INTRODUCTION Also known as a port-wine stain, nevus flammeus is not a vascular neoplasm but a vascular capillary malformation composed of mature telangiectatic vessels. ![]()
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